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- $Unique_ID{BRK03564}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Cardio-auditory Syndrome}
- $Subject{Cardio-auditory Syndrome Cardioauditory Syndrome of Jervell and
- Lange-Nielsen Deafness Congenital Functional Heart Disease Deafness-Functional
- Heart Disease Jervell Lange-Nielsen Syndrome Q T Prolonged with Congenital
- Deafness Surdicardiac Syndrome Cardocardiac Syndrome Romano-Ward Syndrome
- Epilepsy}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1991 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 852:
- Cardio-auditory Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Cardio-auditory
- Syndrome) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to
- find the alternate name and disorder subdivision covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Cardioauditory Syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen
- Deafness, Congenital, and Functional Heart Disease
- Deafness-Functional Heart Disease
- Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome
- Q T Prolonged with Congenital Deafness
- Surdicardiac Syndrome
- Cardocardiac Syndrome
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Romano-Ward Syndrome
- Epilepsy
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The Information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Cardio-auditory Syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by deafness at
- birth, fainting spells and prolonged intervals of electrical activity in the
- ventricles of the heart (prolonged Q T) causing seizures and a fast, uneven
- heartbeat (ventricular fibrillation). Physical activity, excitement or
- stress may trigger the onset of these symptoms. Cardio-auditory Syndrome is
- usually detected during early childhood and is inherited as an autosomal
- recessive trait.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Symptoms of Cardio-auditory Syndrome are usually apparent during early
- childhood. The hearing loss in this disorder is caused by a defect in the
- inner ear (sensorineural hearing loss) and affects both ears. Some patients
- may have slight hearing in the low tones, but usually not enough for them to
- learn to speak without special education.
-
-
- Fainting spells or periods of unconsciousness may occur as a result of
- interference with the normal travel of electric impulses that control the
- activity of the heart muscle (incomplete heart block). This is also known as
- Adams-Strokes seizures. An unusually fast and uneven heart beat (ventricular
- fibrillation) may also be present, possibly causing unconsciousness.
- Physical activity, excitement, or stress may trigger the onset of one of
- these attacks. Severity and frequency of these spells varies greatly from
- patient to patient, usually decreasing as the patient grows older.
-
- The inability to control urination may also be present during seizures.
- This has lead to the misdiagnosis of epilepsy in some cases.
-
- Causes
-
- Cardio-auditory Syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Human
- traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the
- interaction of two genes, one received from the father and one from the
- mother. In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear unless a
- person inherits the same defective gene for the same trait from each parent.
- If one receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will
- be a carrier for the disease, but usually will not show symptoms. The risk
- of transmitting the disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are
- carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of
- their children will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five
- percent of their children will receive both normal genes, one from each
- parent, and will be genetically normal.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Cardio-auditory Syndrome affects males and females in equal numbers.
- Approximately 1 out of every 300,000 people will be afflicted with this
- disorder and 1 out of every 100 deaf children will have Cardio-auditory
- Syndrome.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Cardio-
- auditory Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Epilepsy is a group of central nervous system disorders that are
- characterized by a sudden, aimless, uncontrollable discharge of electrical
- energy in the brain. This discharge is sometimes preceded by a strange
- feeling (aura) and can be characterized by a convulsion and/or loss of
- consciousness. The disease is not usually life-threatening and those
- affected can lead a full and active life if medication controls their
- symptoms. (For more information on this disorder choose "Epilepsy" as your
- search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Romano-Ward Syndrome is a genetic heart disorder. Symptoms usually begin
- during infancy or early childhood, although onset during adulthood is
- possible. Recurrent symptoms such as fainting, convulsive seizures and/or
- heart beat irregularities with chest pain may occur. Physical exertion,
- excitement or stress may trigger onset of symptoms. Lowered potassium levels
- in the blood may also be symptomatic of Romano-Ward Syndrome. Unlike Cardio-
- auditory Syndrome, the hearing is normal in patients with this disorder.
- (For more information on this disorder, choose "Romano-Ward Syndrome" as your
- search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- The heart problems in Cardio-auditory Syndrome are treated with the drug
- propranolol in most cases. Surgical removal of certain nerves going to the
- heart, or a combination of surgical and drug therapy may help control
- heartbeat abnormalities.
-
- Genetic counseling may be of benefit for patients and their families.
- Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Treatment of Cardio-auditory Syndrome with an implantable automatic
- defibrillator is being investigated in conjunction with antiarrythmic drug
- therapy. This device detects the abnormal heart beat and automatically
- delivers an electrical impulse to the heart. Another implantable device, the
- QT-sensitive cybernetic pacemaker, is also being tested. Effectiveness and
- side effects of these implanted devices has not been fully documented and
- more extensive research is needed before their therapeutic value is known.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- June 1991. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Cadioauditory Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- 203-746-6518
-
- American Heart Association
- 7320 Greenville Ave.
- Dallas, TX 75231
- (214) 750-5300
-
- National Hearing Association
- P.O. Box 8897
- Metairie, LA 70011
- (504) 888-HEAR
-
- NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- 301-496-4236
-
- For Genetic Information and Genetic Counseling Referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- 914-428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 9th Ed.: Victor A. McKusick, Editor: Johns
- Hopkins University Press, 1990. Pp. 1132.
-
- BIRTH DEFECTS ENCYCLOPEDIA, Mary Louise Buyse, M.D., Editor-In-Chief;
- Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990. Pp. 281-82.
-
- HEART DISEASE, A TEXTBOOK OF CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE, 3rd Ed.: Eugene
- Braunwald, M.D., Editer; W.B. Saunders Company, Pp. 749, 1635.
-
- THE CONGENITAL LONG QT SYNDROME: R.G. Weintraub, et al.; J Am Coll
- Cardiol (September 1990, issue 16(3)). Pp. 674-80.
-
- HEREDITARY LONG Q-T SYNDROME PRESENTING AS EPILEPSY: ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH
- LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS: S.M. Gospe, et al,; Ann Neurol (May 1989, issue 25(5)).
- Pp. 514-6.
-
- THE LONG Q-T INTERVAL AND SYNDROMES: C.E. Kossmann; Adv Intern Med (1987,
- issue 32). Pp. 87-110.
-
-